KLARA: A Miniaturized, Low-Cost Re-Entry Capsule

KLARA is a miniaturized, low-cost re-entry capsule designed to capture critical aerothermodynamic and attitude data from satellites during atmospheric re-entry. By leveraging an iterative test-driven approach and Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components, KLARA aims to optimize performance while minimizing costs, paving the way for more accessible space debris monitoring and re-entry studies.

Iterative Development Approach
Inspired by the “fly-test-fail-fix” model, similar to that used by SpaceX with Starship, this strategy accelerates design evolution while rapidly validating performance under real-life conditions. KLARA adopts an approach based on real-life testing from the earliest stages of development. With each iteration, design and performance are progressively improved. The first flight integrates inertial sensors (IMU) and a thermocouple, while successive versions incorporate advanced features. This strategy aims to reduce lead times by limiting theoretical studies to what is strictly necessary before each test, while accumulating maximum feedback.

Mission Profile
KLARA is deployed aboard a host satellite, where it remains in Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) for up to five years in standby mode, awaiting the satellite’s deorbit phase.
Upon atmospheric re-entry:
1. Host satellite disintegration: As the spacecraft is subjected to intense aerothermal loads, KLARA records attitude and thermodynamic data.
2. Autonomous separation (~80 km altitude): KLARA detaches from the debris and stabilizes its trajectory.
3. Deceleration & data transmission: A passive deceleration system reduces velocity, optimizing data relay to satellite constellations such as Iridium or Argos.
4. Final descent & potential recovery: If feasible, KLARA’s remains may be retrieved for further analysis.

Experimental Validation and Flight Opportunities
Before its first space deployment, KLARA will undergo stratospheric balloon flights and plasma wind tunnel tests to validate its avionics and thermal endurance. Further maturation is planned through sounding rocket flights with partners such as ArianeGroup, advancing KLARA’s Technology Readiness Level (TRL) from 6 to 8.